Why Sexual Harassment Cases Often Involve Supervisors

Sexual harassment in the workplace often stems from issues far deeper than a single incident. In many situations throughout Newport News and Hampton, Virginia, the underlying problem is power — specifically, how much of it a supervisor holds over an employee. Attorney James H. Shoemaker, Jr., has decades of experience handling complex employment litigation in which power imbalances shape the entire case.

Power Imbalances at Work

Supervisors influence nearly every part of an employee’s working life, from job assignments and performance evaluations to promotion opportunities and daily scheduling. Even without explicit threats, employees may worry that reporting misconduct could lead to negative consequences. Courts recognize that this inherent pressure often plays a major role in both hostile work environment and quid pro quo claims.

Power imbalances can also manifest in subtler forms. A supervisor’s long-standing relationships within the company, involvement in high-level decisions, or authority over a team’s reputation can create a dynamic in which speaking up feels risky. This context often becomes important when assessing the severity and impact of harassment.

How the Law Views Supervisor Harassment

Federal law treats harassment by supervisors differently from harassment by coworkers. When a supervisor’s behavior leads to a tangible employment action (i.e., termination, demotion, or major loss of hours), the employer may be automatically liable. Even when no formal action occurs, employers are still evaluated on whether they offered effective reporting channels, responded promptly, and took appropriate steps once made aware of the problem.

These standards acknowledge the unique pressure of reporting to someone in authority and the influence supervisors hold over an employee’s day-to-day position.

Why Legal Guidance Matters in Power-Imbalance Cases

Employees facing harassment from a supervisor may feel unsure about next steps, how to report, or whether their experience meets legal standards. Proper documentation, awareness of internal policies, and an understanding of employee rights all play key roles. Working with an attorney experienced in significant employment litigation may help individuals understand their options in these sensitive situations.

Jamie Shoemaker represents workers in Newport News, Hampton, Washington, D.C., and across the United States in complex employment and whistleblower matters. To confidentially discuss potential workplace harassment, please contact the firm at 757-223-4560.